Publications and media
AFD Group and Armenia
AFD Group has been present in Armenia since 2013. AFD finances development projects via loans as well as grants, notably from the European Union. It is mainly active in the sectors of irrigation, rura...
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AFD Group and the Gambia
The Republic of the Gambia is the smallest country of continental Africa and one of the priority countries for French development assistance. The country carries a heavy public debt as well as many ch...
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Unbundling Eskom: How would a new distribution system impact on energy poverty
South Africa’s electricity generation and transmission are currently dominated by the country’s vertical monopoly power utility, Eskom. Distribution is shared between 165 licenced municipalities and E...
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AFD and Agriculture in Angola
Angola’s agricultural potential is considered to be the greatest in Southern Africa, thanks to considerable water resources, a favorable climate and a large amount of available arable land. Neverthele...
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African Economies in 2023
This fourth edition of “African Economies,” has been produced by AFD in an age of consequences, an age experiencing a combination of protracted crises whose effects are immediate, an age with both cli...
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Looking back at 15 years of AFD support for geographical indications: what contribution to sustainable develop...
There is a long history behind the use of origin marking. Producers and consumers are familiar with products such as Parma ham, Darjeeling tea, Colombian coffee or Champagne. These are just some examp...
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The approach based on human rights and the reduction of multidimensional inequalities. A combination inextrica...
This study examines how human rights can guide a form of development that gives priority to improving the well-being of populations, while contributing to the ecological transformation - a form of dev...
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Energy transition minerals and the SDGs. A systematic review
In order to meet the climate objectives set by the Paris Agreement, all countries will have to operate a dramatic structural change by replacing most fossil energy sources with renewable ones that are...
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The African Economy 2022
This issue of L’Économie africaine has been created by Éditions La Découverte and the Agence française de développement (AFD) (French Development Agency), who are continuing their collaboration for th...
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The Benefits of Marine Protected Areas in Fighting Inequality and Fostering Environmental Sustainability in In...
This research paper aims to explore the potential benefits of marine protected areas (MPAs) and assess their impact on environmental sustainability and inequality in Indonesia.
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The Sustainable Development Analysis
Through its operations, AFD Group is committed to building a fairer and more sustainable world that leaves no one behind. Since 2014, the Sustainable Development Analysis and Opinion mechanism (AADD)...
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A public policy loan to support the Philippines in the implementation of its climate policies
The Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. In addition to their direct impacts on people, it could cost the country more than $3.5 billion a year by 2040. The Philippin...
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From Multi- to National- and Back Again: Realizing the SDG Potential of Public Development Banks
Public multilateral (MDBs) and national development banks (NDBs) are already working to advance the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). But can they do more to help deliver finance at the righ...
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AFD and Gender Equality in Eurasia
Financing initiatives that promote gender equality, women's rights and their empowerment is at the very core of AFD commitments, in line with France's International Strategy for Gender Equality. AFD i...
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Urban Projects Finance Initiative (UPFI)
The Union for the Mediterranean, the European Union, Agence Française de Développement and the European Investment Bank have joined forces to build a successful transition towards sustainable Mediterr...
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AFD Group Exclusion list
The objective of the exclusion list is to clearly indicate the activities that the Group refuses to finance due to ethical, regulatory, environmental or social criteria, and arising from the applicati...
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Historic degraded centers: the Tunisian strategy for urban regeneration
The Historic Center Regeneration Programme (PRCA) is part of the Tunisian national policy for urban regeneration. It aims to upgrade the historical and traditional districts, which tend to deteriorate...
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UPFI: a successful partnership to support territorial development
Placed under the aegis of the Union for the Mediterranean in 2011,the Urban Projects Finance Initiative (UPFI) is the result of a partnership between the European Union, the French Development Agency...
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The PRIQH: a Tunisian response to the challenges of rapid urbanization
Tunisia is undergoing rapid urbanization, which is creating challenges for its population. The growth of informal settlements raises the issue of access to basic services and amenities. In order to ad...
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Programme for Energy Efficiency in Building (Peeb) Cool
Peeb Cool aims at enhancing energy efficiency in the building sector in 11 countries - Albania, Argentina, Costa Rica, Djibouti, Indonesia, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Sri Lanka, and Tu...
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Final Evaluation of the ‘Liberia Employment and Entrepreneurship Programme’ (LEEP) (CLR1009)
The goal of LEEP was to enable 11,000 Liberian youth, both male and female, aged 18-35 years to find meaningful, market-driven employment or self-employment. It had three interlinked and mutually rein...
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